(1) security issues into safe production of coal mine is an eternal theme, but must ensure safety in production inputs, lack of investment is difficult to ensure safety in production, planned economy period, the state-owned key coal mine safety technical measures funds invested by the state, earmarking, security The production hardware investment is relatively guaranteed. After the market economy, the coal mine management system has changed, the state is no longer invested, and various expenses are borne by the coal mines themselves. The coal enterprises themselves are unable to invest, which makes it difficult for the safety technology funds to be put in place. Security risks have also been left behind.

(2) Coal mining enterprises are burdened with heavy coal mining enterprises. The social phenomenon is widespread, causing economic burdens on coal mines. Most coal mines are located in a remote position. Most coal mines have to establish their own living systems in order to guarantee the normal production of production. According to relevant information, there are nearly 500,000 people engaged in social services in state-owned key coal mines, and 24 billion yuan in non-operating assets. The company has to subsidize 6 billion yuan each year, although in the past few years, policies have been formulated to separate enterprises from doing social functions. However, due to environmental and conditional factors, the policy is not in place, the transfer of enterprise-run society has not yet been implemented, and the logistics service has not been socialized. The separation of the main and the auxiliary has only stayed on the call, which not only increases the economic burden of the enterprise, but also seriously disperses The attention of the operators has interfered with the enterprise's concentration and management.

(3) Insufficient administrative supervision The accidents basically follow such a rule: that is, economic growth is fast, administrative management system reform is lagging behind, and the result will lead to high accidents. First, after the separation of government and enterprises, the government no longer interferes with the establishment of corporate institutions and management functions. Since safety production is a pure investment, enterprises do not pay attention to it, and they have more part-time personnel management, which makes it difficult to do safe work. Secondly, some leaders have decided on the safe production of the superiors. They do not understand their minds, their attitudes are not determined, and their work is not strong. Some grassroots units simply cannot receive documents and policy information on safe production. In addition, some units have made the form of safety production into a form to cope with inspections.

At the same time, law enforcement corruption is a serious problem in safety production inspections. In the process of administrative law enforcement of coal mine safety production, the corruption phenomenon is summarized as follows: (1) the relevant departments and administrative inaction of the relevant personnel; (2) the power-seeking rent of the relevant departments and relevant personnel in the law enforcement process. The main performance is not to push each other for coal mine safety inspection and management. Even if supervision is carried out, the inspection is only a form of coping.

2 Internal factor analysis

Since most coal enterprises have entered the market with heavy burdens, although the coal market prices have recovered in the past two years, the operating conditions of coal enterprises have improved, but fundamentally, coal enterprises have turned losses but have not escaped from poverty, and at any time. There is a possibility of a loss. For this reason, the state-owned coal mine safety investment is seriously owed (including history), the coal mine workers' income is low, and their living difficulties are difficult. The income level of coal mine workers ranks third in the 49 industries in the country.

One of the internal factors: the safety ideology is thin, the market economy is forced to shift the focus of coal production enterprises from simple production to efficiency, because safety is an invisible benefit, that is, the accident is negative, and the safety benefits are reflected in the accident. It does not come out, and the investment in safe work and capital is not as immediate as the investment in production and sales. Therefore, safe work is more likely to be ignored and neglected, especially in today's coal mine production and management problems. The “safety first” and the general dilution of security awareness have led to the failure to implement security systems in action, reduce security investment, weaken security forces, and out of control of security management.

The second internal factor: the safety management method is backward, and the execution is in the form. The coal mine industry is now implementing a traditional safety management system, namely: “national supervision, industry management, corporate responsibility, and mass supervision”, a security model that is based on enterprises and supplemented by industry management. This kind of traditional security management is often to sum up some methods from the experience of each enterprise, manage the principles in principle, and not mobilize the enthusiasm of all aspects from the aspects of spirit, material and information, and actively analyze, predict and prevent accidents. The State has successively issued the "Mineral Safety Law", "Coal Law", "Safe Production Law", "Safety Regulations for Coal Mines" and various coal industry standards, and made clear and specific provisions on the safe production behavior of coal mines, but various rules and regulations. It has not been implemented in the specific work, and has not been implemented in the specific operations of each operator. The specific performance is that the daily inspection and the system are complete, and in the event of an accident investigation, various system procedures are implemented and not implemented.

The third internal factor: the training mechanism is imperfect and the quality of the employees is low. Professional training is the main way to improve the quality of employees, but many problems in the training of employees have seriously affected the training effect. First, the training institutions are aging teachers and the knowledge structure is aging. The teaching methods are monotonous and cannot be close to the scene. Second, the examination and certification are not strict, which has led many students to pass the test, and the educational effect is not obvious. Third, the lack of attention to the training of employees, the lack of funds, training time is too short, and so on, can not play the role of education, training in the form, causing hidden dangers to safe production. In the absence of training, most of the employees are contract workers, contract workers, and temporary workers. The formation of the staff team is unstable, the cultural level is uneven, and there is no professional technology. There is no sense of ownership and collective ideas in mind, and the flow of personnel is frequent. The self-protection ability in the work is poor, and there are many violations, which brings considerable difficulty to the safety of coal mines.

The fourth internal factor: the technical staff is seriously lacking. The safe production of state-owned coal mining enterprises is inseparable from the technical talents of geology, electromechanical, hydrological, measurement, mining, etc. However, due to the poor efficiency of coal enterprises, the income of coal workers is lower than other industries, so Although state-owned coal companies are thirsty, it is difficult to recruit undergraduate students. A few years ago, there were more than a dozen colleges and universities involved in coal technology in the country. Now, with the exception of China University of Mining and Technology, the rest have changed their names because of too few students, and the coal-related profession has also been shrinking. On the one hand, college graduates can't; on the other hand, due to the low income of coal mines, the original coal mine technicians have been outflowing, so many important safety technical positions in coal mines are lacking, which poses hidden dangers to safety production.

The fifth factor of internal factors: the level of technical equipment is low, and the research of safety foundation and application technology is backward. A large amount of equipment invested by the state in the past is now seriously aging and the amount of maintenance is large. As the mine deepens, the mine pressure continues to increase, the maintenance cost of the roadway is aggravated, and the mine's lifting and drainage capacity is difficult to adapt to the production needs. Due to the poor economic benefits of the coal mine, there is no capital to update equipment and introduce advanced technology, so there is still Many key coal mines are not mechanized, but they are blasted and the level of support is backward. In terms of safety infrastructure, it is also due to lack of funds, unable to raise enough funds to invest in safety equipment, and more and more safety investment accounts. Many safety equipment that should be equipped are not equipped, and equipment that should be replaced or repaired cannot Timely replacement or maintenance has created a hidden danger. In terms of safety technology research, compared with developed countries in western China, China's coal mine application technology research started late, human and financial resources are insufficient, and some major safety technical issues such as impact pressure, coal and gas outburst, geothermal , water inrush, etc. Disaster control is still not complete. Therefore, the efficiency of coal mine accidents cannot be effectively controlled.

3 Countermeasures for controlling coal mine safety accidents

The coal industry is a high-risk industry, and coal mine safety production is of vital importance. To this end, the party and the state have formulated a series of guidelines, policies, laws, regulations and related regulations, and adhere to the principle of “safety first, prevention first” and adopt Practical means, do a good job in safe production, safeguard the safety of workers, and prevent major accidents in coal mines are major issues that government departments at all levels and coal business operators attach great importance to and solve.

Countermeasure 1: Using the advanced management concept to grasp the safety of coal mines is the primary condition.

In view of the particularity of coal mine production, it is necessary to link the performance of leaders with the quality of safety management. Safety management is a systematic project. It involves a wide range of issues. It must be vigorously carried out, and it is often difficult to achieve it. The person in charge of the company must have a correct understanding. In 1993, the State Council's "Notice on Strengthening Safety Production" clearly stated: "A corporate legal representative is the first person responsible for safety production and is responsible for the safety production of the unit." Therefore, coal mine operators must truly establish a business philosophy of “safety for the sky, people-oriented”, and truly correct the relationship between safety and production, safety and management, safety and investment. Some coal mine operators have a misunderstanding between safety and production. They often ignore the relationship between the two. They often do not care about the safety conditions, forcibly start work, forcibly produce, and the safety hazards will not be rectified for a long time. The "three violations" phenomenon cannot be effectively and effectively curbed. In the end, a small accident caused the continuous occurrence of a small accident, causing great losses to people's lives and state property, and causing adverse effects in society.

Countermeasure 2: The investment of safe funds is a powerful guarantee for safe production.

National large and medium-sized mines must ensure that the annual maintenance funds are fully utilized and dedicated to special funds. First of all, we must ensure the safety facilities and maintain simple reproduction, ensure the normal maintenance and operation of mechanical and electrical equipment and the necessary replacement of parts; especially for the safety monitoring system and ventilation system, the investment must be invested, the improvement must be perfect; The supervision and inspection department must implement the requirements of the coal mine regulations and the supervision is in place. For the mines that need to be rectified, the mines will be rectified within a time limit, and the production will not be met. Only the infrastructure is perfect, and the safety production can increase the certain guarantee factor. Second, increase the capital investment in the security system. In terms of safety investment, each coal mine should increase investment to ensure the normal operation of the “one pass and three defense” safety monitoring system and communication information system; for high gas mines, it is necessary to increase the cost of gas control. Once again, establish a modern coal mine safety system project. Coal mine safety management system engineering is an important way and method for the modernization and safety management of coal industry. It is a system and dynamic management method that fully mobilizes people's subjective initiative, and its ultimate goal is to optimize the overall safety of the coal industry. It focuses on the application of computer master control technology and network technology to form the dynamic management of safety monitoring information network and safety production process. It adopts the principles, standards and technical methods of scientific system engineering to comprehensively systematically identify, analyze and evaluate the dangers in the whole production system. The factors and the relationship between them and the degree of influence provide a basis for adjusting process equipment, operation, management, production cycle and cost, so as to minimize the occurrence of accidents and achieve system safety.

Countermeasure 3: Increase the safety training input of employees.

The quality of the staff of coal mining enterprises will directly affect the safety production and corporate image. The role of safety training cannot be ignored: First, to improve the management responsibility of operators, this is the key to eliminating the frequent occurrence of coal mine accidents. Coal mine management operators must be certified to work, clearly understand the production process and safety management regulations and relevant technical regulations, and be able to identify problems on the spot and have the ability to deal with problems and solve problems in a timely manner. The second is to strictly enforce the employment system, establish and improve the system of assessment, training, and certification. Regularly strengthen the training of safety technicians for the employees, so that each employee theoretically knows the technical requirements of each process and the safety requirements of the procedures. In particular, we must strengthen the professional training of important job types and adjust the job change training. At the same time, we must strengthen the combination of theory and practice, regularly carry out post training, regularly carry out technical competitions, give awards to winners, and encourage all employees to learn technology. Learn the enthusiasm of safety knowledge, enhance the awareness of personal safety protection, and minimize the incidence of sporadic accidents. In short, safety itself is the biggest benefit of coal mines, so all production and management of coal mines must put safety work in the first place, and it is also an inherent requirement for improving enterprise efficiency and stable development under market economy conditions.

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