On the 13th, international oil prices plummeted again. US WTI crude oil futures closed down 0.97 US dollars to 30.44 US dollars / barrel, the lowest hit $ 29.96 / barrel; in London, Brent crude oil futures closed down 0.69 US dollars to 30.86 US dollars / barrel . It is said that the US$29.96/barrel was the first time that international oil prices fell below the $30 mark in December 2003.

Reporter He Qing Shanghai Report

On January 13, the National Development and Reform Commission announced that it decided to further improve the refined oil price mechanism and reduce the domestic refined oil price according to the new mechanism.

The National Development and Reform Commission said that the new refined oil price mechanism has an upper limit of 130 US dollars per barrel and a lower limit of 40 US dollars per barrel. In addition, the National Development and Reform Commission said that the government will release the LPG ex-factory price, simplify the operation mode of refined oil price adjustment, and develop reforms in the future. The commission will publish the price adjustment information in the form of an information draft and will no longer issue the price adjustment documents.

At the same time, according to the improved price mechanism, it is decided that from 24 o'clock on January 13th, the maximum retail price of gasoline and diesel will be reduced by 140 yuan and 135 yuan per ton respectively, and the retail price of No. 90 gasoline and No. 0 diesel (national average) will be measured. Each liter is reduced by 0.1 yuan and 0.11 yuan respectively.

However, a Guangdong private oil company executive said that because of the huge consumption tax in domestic refined oil prices, the continued high domestic and international diesel price gap has driven the increase in the supply of diesel resources in the informal channels of the Pearl River Delta.

“Therefore, the state should increase government supervision so as to ensure the stability of the domestic refined oil market,” he said.

On the 13th, international oil prices plummeted again. US WTI crude oil futures closed down 0.97 US dollars to 30.44 US dollars / barrel, the lowest hit $ 29.96 / barrel; in London, Brent crude oil futures closed down 0.69 US dollars to 30.86 US dollars / barrel . It is said that the US$29.96/barrel was the first time that international oil prices fell below the $30 mark in December 2003.

Set the upper and lower limits of regulation

The reason why the National Development and Reform Commission has improved the refined oil price mechanism is that the oil price in the international market has dropped rapidly from US$110/barrel to US$30/barrel since the second half of 2014. The refined oil price mechanism has appeared to be unsuitable during the operation. The problem is that the impact of the continued decline in oil prices in the international market is gradually emerging. "Low oil prices are not conducive to the long-term healthy development of the domestic oil industry, and are not conducive to the development of new energy and alternative energy." The National Development and Reform Commission said.

According to the statistics of relevant institutions, the average crude oil production cost of major international oil companies is around US$40 per barrel. Due to resource endowments and other reasons, China's crude oil production costs are higher.

In fact, since December 15, 2015, the domestic refined oil price adjustment has been temporarily suspended. “The National Development and Reform Commission has begun to brew a new system for oil price adjustment,” said a person familiar with the matter.

It is understood that when the relevant departments revised the "Petroleum Price Management Measures (Trial)" in 2013, they discussed the $40/barrel of non-adjustable "floor", but the oil price level of 40 US dollars/barrel was in the oil price operating environment at that time. (Brent oil prices above $100/barrel at the time) were "unimaginable."

The newly revised "Petroleum Price Management Measures" has made more perfect provisions for several price adjustment intervals: when the crude oil price in the international market is lower than 40 US dollars per barrel, the refined oil price is calculated according to the crude oil price of 40 US dollars per barrel and the normal processing profit rate. When the price is less than 80 US dollars per barrel, the refined oil price is calculated according to the normal processing profit rate; when the price is higher than 80 US dollars per barrel, the processing profit rate is deducted until the refined oil price is calculated according to the processing zero profit; In the case of $130 per barrel, it is not mentioned or mentioned in principle.

A petroleum industry source said that considering the structure of imported oil sources and the average processing costs of domestic refineries, taxes, reasonable circulation costs and appropriate profits, the domestic oil price decline is not as large as the international oil price. On the other hand, current retail oil prices are already at a low level. Taking gasoline as an example, the average oil price at the beginning of 2016 is close to the price at the end of 2003, after deducting the cost increase caused by new taxes and oil quality upgrades in recent years.

In addition, the National Development and Reform Commission also explained the direction of the unadjusted price when the oil price is lower than the “floor”: when the crude oil price in the international market is lower than the lower limit of 40 US dollars, the unadjusted amount of refined oil prices is fully included in the risk reserve, and a special account is set up. Used after approval by the state, it is mainly used for energy conservation and emission reduction, improving oil quality and ensuring oil supply security. The National Development and Reform Commission said that specific management measures will be formulated separately.

Beware of arbitrage increase

Starting from the 2009 refined oil consumption tax, the informal channel of refined oil is a problem in coastal areas. This problem has only been alleviated because of the frequent changes in the price system of refined oil products in China. (Note: When the international oil price is less than US$40/barrel, the retail price of refined oil is still measured according to the international oil price of US$40. The policy is “floor price”.)

The above-mentioned Guangdong private oil company executives revealed that "this international oil price is still falling, so diesel import arbitrage has risen rapidly." At present, the irregular channel refined oil and Sinopec , PetroChina and other gas stations have a price difference of more than 1,000 yuan / ton, attracting a large number of downstream users.

In fact, because of the consumption tax, there is a big price difference between domestic and international oil prices.

On December 23, 2015, the first batch of 38,000 tons of 92# gasoline from China's Sinochem Quanzhou Refinery was exported to Singapore with a value of US$ 14.44 million. If the RMB exchange rate of 6.4746 yuan on December 23, 205 is estimated, the price of 92# gasoline exported to this batch will be 2,460 yuan per ton, and the price per liter will be 1.8 yuan. At present, the same 92# gasoline in Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, its price is about 5.6 yuan / liter.

According to Longzhong Petrochemical Network, the current domestic refined oil prices are all tax-included, including value-added tax, consumption tax, urban construction tax, education surcharge, etc. The total tax burden is 3200-3300 yuan / ton. In the export trade of refined oil processing, the consumption tax is not levied, and the value-added tax can be applied for refund.

Commodity data business business said that the current international oil price is close to 30 US dollars / barrel, and the international oil price is under heavy pressure, the international crude oil price rebound to 40 US dollars / barrel is less likely, the second and third in 2016 During the price adjustment period, the price of refined oil will also not be adjusted.

If oil prices are upside down at home and abroad, some lawless elements are not excluded from chasing huge profits.

The Guangdong private oil company executive said that the price of refined oil in the Yuedong market and the Fujian market was about 3,700 yuan/ton, and the Pearl River Delta was 3,900 yuan/ton. At present, domestic diesel consumption is dominated by passenger transportation, freight transportation, and industrial industries with large fuel consumption. For these customers, diesel cost will be the primary consideration. In addition to the formal channel diesel, in addition to the emission standards failed to meet the standard, the performance of the use did not differ much.

The three control modes: one is all the operation control is completed by computer, computer engraving machine at work in the work of the state, unable to carry out other typesetting work, waste may be caused by the misoperation of the computer; two is the use of single-chip control, the engraving machine can work at the same time the layout, but not closed the computer, the computer can reduce the errors caused by the waste; three is the use of USB port data transmission system has more than 32M of memory, save the file to be completely separated from the computer, turn off the computer or other layout, can greatly improve the working efficiency.