What are our goals for the next five years? -- New Achievements in the Development Outlook for China's Petroleum and Chemical Industry in the 11th Five-Year Plan to Refresh the National Economy
During the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan" period, China's petroleum and chemical industry development priorities and market hot spots will be expressed in the following aspects.
Petrochemical industry with oil refining and ethylene as the leader is still the focus of development The refining and ethylene industry is the leader and core of the petroleum and chemical industry. The trend of development in the next few years is mainly to adjust the structure of the oil refining industry and improve the level and efficiency of refining processing; The industry is mainly to increase the total amount of ethylene and form a number of world-class ethylene production bases with international competitiveness, and to increase the proportion of synthetic resins represented by polyolefins in the three major synthetic materials, and accelerate the development of synthetic fiber raw materials and monomers. .
Refining is mainly focused on structural adjustment, improving the concentration of oil refining companies, strengthening the refinement of refining capacity, optimizing the allocation of resources, improving the quality of oil products, and increasing the ratio of diesel to steam. Eliminating a batch of small refining units that are behind the process and building several imported crude oil processing bases. Adjust the structure and product structure of refinery equipment, optimize the types of crude oil, increase the ratio of diesel to steam, increase the output of high value-added products and clean oil products, provide as much as possible raw materials for the ethylene industry, and increase the production of high-grade road asphalt, high-quality lubricants and paraffins And other products.
In order to avoid the risk of imported crude oil, the state and enterprises will strengthen the construction of crude oil reserves. At present, four major petroleum reserve bases such as Dalian have been established, and the reserve capacity can reach about 30 days. In the future, it will also appropriately increase its reserve capacity in order to evade the risk of the import of crude oil in China due to the fluctuation of the international oil market.
According to the characteristics of a large space in the petrochemical market in China for a considerable period of time in the future, accelerating the development of the ethylene industry will be the focus of the 11th Five-Year Plan period. While accelerating the completion of the second round of large-scale ethylene plant technological transformation in China, so as to increase the scale, technology, energy conservation, and consumption reduction, the construction progress of large-scale joint venture ethylene projects should be accelerated during the “Eleventh Five-Year Plan†period. Shanghai BPAMOCO, BASF, Yangtze, and CNOOC Shell have basically completed three ethylene projects during the tenth five-year plan period. In the future, the country should also plan to build several large-scale oil refining and ethylene integration devices to meet the growing domestic demand.
With respect to ethylene downstream petrochemical products, synthetic resins are the most demanding categories in terms of domestic demand, rapid growth, large import volume, and conflicting supply and demand. Polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene, and ABS resins will all be developed rapidly in the future. The variety. In order to speed up development, combined with the renovation and new construction of ethylene plants, private enterprises and foreign investors can be attracted to participate in the construction of these projects in a wholly-owned and joint venture. In addition, the grades of synthetic resins are adjusted to increase the ratio of special resins so as to diversify, specialize, and serialize synthetic resins. This is an inevitable trend in the development of synthetic resins.
Due to the rapid development of the textile and clothing industries, large-scale refined terephthalic acid, acrylonitrile and polyester devices will be rapidly developed, and a group of small polyester devices that are not competitive will withdraw from the market during the competition. Organic raw materials such as ethylene glycol, phenol, acetone, propylene oxide, and acrylic acid, which have large gaps, are, on the one hand, enhanced technological transformation, improved technological level, and expanded production capacity. On the other hand, a large number of large-scale devices have been established. reduce manufacturing cost.
There will be rapid development of large-scale chemical parks during the “Nine-Five-Year†and “Tenth-Five-Year Plan†periods. China has carried out the construction of the oil and chemical industrial park base and achieved very good results. In the next few years, the original chemical park will continue to expand. In order to adapt to the trend of internationalization and learn from foreign practices, it will be imperative to build some national or provincial chemical industrial parks in Linhai, Linjiang, or resource-rich regions. For example, the Shanghai Chemical Industry Park in the Shanghai area has started its operations since the Ninth Five-Year Plan period and is now stepping up construction. There are also Jiangsu Nantong, Zhangjiagang, Nanjing, Guangdong Huizhou, Zhuhai, Maoming, Fujian, Tianjin, and Ningbo. Chemical parks, the construction of these parks has greatly accelerated the development of China's chemical industry and improved the technological level of China's chemical industry.
The western region will also study the eastern practice and plan chemical parks. The first is to attract investment and develop local economies. The second is to solve the problems of small and scattered chemical companies and the relocation of urban development chemical factories. The third is to facilitate the organization of chemical production and comprehensive treatment of the three wastes; The fourth is to help improve the overall competitiveness of the local chemical industry. According to preliminary estimates, there are now more than 60 chemical parks that have been completed or are planned to be built. These chemical parks have many advantages: convenient transportation, products close to the market, mutual support of raw materials and products in the park, cheap labor, and perfect public facilities, creating very good conditions for the investment of domestic and foreign capital and private capital. There is a strong attraction. At present, many foreign companies such as the United States, Japan, Germany and South Korea have entered these parks and will continue to grow in the future. The state and local governments should actively encourage and guide the construction of these parks.
The development of coal chemical industry is imperative Energy issues are the bottlenecks that plague China's economic development. In 2004, China’s oil production was 175 million tons, oil consumption exceeded 300 million tons, and the amount of imported oil increased significantly year after year. In 2004, the net import of petroleum (including refined oil) has exceeded 140 million tons, and the degree of foreign dependence is greater than 40%. Coal is the major energy source in China. Coal reserves accounted for 94.3% of proven fossil energy reserves, and oil and natural gas accounted for only 5.7%. 'Lack of oil, less gas, rich coal' is China's basic national conditions. The development of China's chemical industry must be based on this basic national situation. Especially in the current situation of rising oil prices, in the areas where coal resources are concentrated, where water resources are relatively abundant and traffic is relatively convenient, the development of chemical industries using coal as raw materials highlights the advantages of developing coal chemical industry.
At present, the development of coal chemical industry throughout the country is very enthusiastic. In order to ensure the sustainable and healthy development of coal chemical industry, it is suggested that the development of coal chemical industry must grasp several key issues. First, there must be cheap and rich coal resources as the basis. In regions with higher coal prices, it is not advisable to vigorously develop coal chemical industry. Otherwise, coal chemical projects will not be competitive. Second, there must be relatively cheap water resources. The large water consumption is a major feature of coal chemical industry. Many local coal resources are abundant and there is a shortage of water resources. This is the case in northern China and most of the coastal areas. Third, local environmental capacity is sufficient, and coal chemical companies are not allowed to discharge pollutants. To avoid, regardless of how the factory handles discharge standards, 'three wastes' emissions are an unavoidable issue. The sulfur content of coal in southern China is high, and the environmental capacity in many places is already saturated or has exceeded the standard. Especially in regions with more mountain areas, the spread of exhaust gas is difficult, and there are serious acid rains in many places. The development of coal chemical industry has no environmental capacity and the project is difficult to pass environmental protection. The approval of the department; Fourth, the coal gasification technology must be selected. The coal resources in different parts of the country vary greatly. There are bituminous, anthracite, and lignite divisions on coal types. The shape is divided into lump coal and pulverized coal, and some coal has high fixed carbon content. Some have high ash content, some have high ash melting points, and they have high moisture content. Coal gasification is the core of coal chemical industry. It is crucial to do a good job in coal chemical industry and choose coal gasification technology. Fifth, choose a good industrial chain. The main products of coal chemical industry are synthetic ammonia and methanol, and others include acetic acid, formaldehyde, and polyoxymethylene. Carbon chemicals. There are hundreds of thousands of derivative products of one carbon chemical, which is a very important branch of the chemical industry and occupies a very important position in the chemical industry. The determination of the industrial chain is directly related to the benefits of the company; the sixth is to do a good job of comprehensive utilization of the project. To understand the significance of comprehensive utilization from the perspective of the recycling economy, mature industrialized comprehensive utilization projects mainly include the use of coke oven gas to produce methanol or synthetic ammonia, tars are collected, recycled and processed into fine chemical products, and carbon-rich cinder is used as The raw material of circulating fluidized bed boilers can be used as slag bricks.
The quality of agricultural chemicals will be further improved. The future of the fertilizer industry will shift from the simple increase of production to the improvement of the economic efficiency of the fertilizer industry. The future development trend of the chemical fertilizer industry is to speed up product structure adjustment in the fertilizer industry, accelerate the transformation of raw material routes and technical routes, reduce the production cost of basic fertilizers, increase the proportion of fertilizer compounding and agrochemical service, and adjust the secondary processing of basic fertilizers and chemical fertilizers. The layout of the productive forces, promotion of scientific fertilization, and improvement of fertilizer efficiency? 愫 愫 枨蟛喙芾怼 枨蟛喙芾怼 br br 氮 氮 氮 氮 氮 氮 氮 氮 氮 氮 氮 氮 氮 氮 氮 氮 氮 氮 氮. For the large and medium-sized nitrogen fertilizer companies that use oil as raw materials, the raw material route will be reconstructed; for enterprises that use the smokeless lump coal as raw materials, local cheap coal and advanced coal gasification technologies will be used to transform and localize the raw materials. The large- and medium-sized nitrogen fertilizer plants mainly carry out energy-saving technological transformation; some large-scale nitrogen fertilizer plants will also be built in areas rich in natural gas and coal resources. Some companies without resource advantages and competitiveness will withdraw from basic fertilizer production.
Phosphate fertilizer industry in the recent period of time, first, relying on the ability of the formation of enterprises to do a good job in transformation and expansion; Second, Yunnan, Guizhou, phosphorus and compound fertilizer base will also speed up construction; Third, we must strengthen the construction of phosphorus and sulfur mines to ensure that the phosphate fertilizer industry Healthy development.
The potash fertilizer industry is mainly striving to increase the production capacity of domestic potash fertilizer, accelerating the construction of potash fertilizer bases in Qinghai and Xinjiang, and actively seeking cooperation with foreign countries to use foreign resources to develop the potash fertilizer industry.
During the “11th Five-Year Plan†period, a major trend in the development of the fertilizer market is that the proportion of high-concentration fertilizers and compound fertilizers will continue to increase. It is expected that by 2010, the combined application rate of chemical fertilizers will reach over 50%. The focus of high-concentration fertilizer development is to adjust the proportion of high-concentration urea and eliminate some of the production capacity of ammonium bicarbonate. By 2010, the proportion of high-concentration urea in nitrogen fertilizers is expected to account for more than 70%, and the proportion of ammonium bicarbonate in nitrogen fertilizers has dropped to 10% to 15%. Large-particle urea will be developed to meet the development needs of blended fertilizers. The development focus of compound fertilizer is high-concentration basic phosphate fertilizer and high-content potassium fertilizer. It is expected that high-concentration phosphate fertilizer will account for more than 60% of the total output of phosphate fertilizer by 2010; Potassium sulfate, potassium nitrate and other chlorine-free potash fertilizers will accelerate development, and appropriate development, etc. New varieties, chlorine-free potash fertilizer basically meet domestic demand.
The current production capacity of the pesticide industry greatly exceeds production. In the future, it will mainly adjust the product structure, improve product quality, and strengthen the development of new varieties. Emphasis will be placed on the development of alternatives to high-toxicity organophosphorus insecticides and soil pest control agents; new fungicides and virus inhibitors and nematicides for fruits and vegetables; herbicides suitable for light-water farming and new dryland herbicides; New preparations with good environmental compatibility, convenient use of suspending agents, water emulsions, microemulsions, water dispersible granules, and microcapsules will be a hot topic of development. A group of companies with poor product quality and unqualified environmental protection will be shut down to form a group of large enterprises with strong competitiveness and innovation capabilities.
Fine Chemicals and Specialty Chemicals Will Become New Growth Points National key industries such as machinery, electronics, automobiles, construction, and information will require a wide range of fine chemicals and special chemical products to be matched with them. At present, the development of these key industries has entered an accelerated period, and the demand for ancillary chemical products shows a clear upward trend, which will become a new economic growth point for the fine chemical industry.
It is expected that the fine chemical industry in the “Eleventh Five-Year Plan†period will achieve breakthroughs in strengthening independent innovation, breaking through core catalytic technologies, modern reaction engineering technologies and fine processing technologies, and developing environmentally friendly technologies. The main varieties of the "Eleventh Five-Year" development are: new chemical materials, new high-grade coatings for automobiles, construction and transportation, functional materials for the electronics and information industries, adhesives and specialty chemicals, and nanomaterials. The focus of technological development and industrialization is: functional coatings and water-based coatings, new dyes and their industrialization technologies, green synthetic technologies and new varieties of important chemical intermediates, electronic chemicals, high-performance water treatment chemicals, papermaking chemicals, Oilfield chemicals, functional food additives, high performance environmentally friendly flame retardants, surfactants, high performance rubber and plastic additives.
In addition, there are some fine chemical products for other industries that will grow rapidly with the rapid growth in demand. Mainly include: feed additives, food additives, paper chemicals, water treatment chemicals. Feed additives mainly refer to methionine, lysine, calcium pantothenate, vitamin E/A/D, propionic acid, and defluorinated phosphate; food additives mainly refer to L-lactic acid, sorbic acid, nucleic acid, safe fat, and sucrose. Substitutes, etc.
'Green chemical' will be an inevitable trend of development 'Green chemical' is the forefront of international chemical industry scientific research. It eliminates pollution from the source, makes rational use of resources and energy, reduces production costs, and achieves sustainable development. China is a country with a shortage of energy, resources, and a large population. Therefore, energy conservation, environmental protection, and resource conservation are important contents and prerequisites for the sustained, rapid, and healthy development of petroleum and chemical industry in the future.
Recently, international oil prices have remained high, and the advantages of bio-chemicals using biomass as raw materials have gradually emerged. Bio-chemicals will be further valued in the 'Eleventh Five-Year' period. Biochemical technologies not only provide a large number of inexpensive chemical raw materials and products, but also may improve the traditional processes of certain chemical products, generate new processes that are less polluting and energy-efficient, and even synthesize some compounds with excellent properties. For example, the production of citric acid from corn, biological polyacrylamide production, new enzyme preparations in biochemical products, new biodegradable polymer materials, long-chain dibasic acids, and new biological pesticides have been fully demonstrated in the market. Force is expected to be developed. During the "Eleventh Five-Year" period, development priorities will be in fuel ethanol, amino acids, enzyme preparations, some organic acids (citric acid, lactic acid, itaconic acid, etc.), biomedicine (penicillin, etc.), biological pesticides (jinggangmycin, Avi Bacteria, etc.) and other product production areas.
During the “Eleventh Five-Year Plan†period, it is expected to transform the production technology of traditional fermentation products, continuously improve the production technology level of fermentation products, develop bioreactors, improve the separation and purification technology of biochemical products in China, and develop biochemical equipment on a large scale. Get a breakthrough. Hydrogen production from biomass will become a chemical raw material with low cost and market competitiveness, and the price may be cheaper than hydrogen production from kerosene. Ethylene produced by biological methods is likely to achieve breakthrough development and form a new industry. Biomass acrylic acid and polylactic acid also have a good market prospect. After 20 years, the hydrolysis of cellulose to ethanol will enter the era of industrialization.
The environmental protection trend of the chemical industry is to develop environmentally friendly products, adopt advanced technologies, achieve clean production, and minimize the emission of waste. A number of backward production processes are bound to be phased out; the main trends in saving energy and resources are: the adoption of advanced process technologies to reduce the consumption of raw materials; increase water-saving measures and increase water reuse. Accelerating the serialization of chemical wastewater treatment equipment, pharmaceuticals, exhaust gas treatment equipment, and smoke extraction equipment will also be a key area for development to improve the level of technology and equipment for the chemical environmental protection industry.
The petroleum and chemical industries are the pillar industries of the national economy. It can be expected that during the “Eleventh Five-Year Plan†period, petroleum and chemical products will be more widely used in various fields such as industry, agriculture, and people’s lives. It provides agricultural chemicals such as chemical fertilizers, pesticides and plastic films for agricultural production. It supplies raw materials such as oil, natural gas, and liquefied gas for energy, transportation, and residential life. It supplies synthetic materials and tires for automobiles, ships, aerospace, and machinery industries. , coatings and adhesives and other ancillary products, provide synthetic fiber monomers, synthetic fiber polymers, dyes and textile auxiliaries for the textile industry, provide various plastic materials and functional materials for the light industry electrical appliances industry, and provide printed circuit board bases for the electronic industry. Electronic chemicals such as wood, plastic sealants, photoresists, high-purity reagents and special gases provide construction materials such as plastic building materials, thermal insulation materials, architectural coatings, and fireproof materials, and provide basic chemical raw materials for the pharmaceutical industry. Provide military chemical products to provide people with a variety of related daily chemicals. All aspects of the national economy are inseparable from petroleum and chemical products, and petroleum and chemical products play a decisive role in the national economy industrial chain.