The connotation and development of electromechanical interface technology
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1 Mechatronics system model In recent years, the research progress of mechatronic system design is not great. The reason is that it is impossible to summarize and summarize various electromechanical systems. The proposal of electromechanical interface technology provides a design for electromechanical system design. A new method and means to analyze the interface in each electromechanical system, to determine the law, determine its design method to understand the connotation of electromechanical interface technology, first of all to analyze the electromechanical system model for the electromechanical system model Several views: Rolflsermann of the University of Durmstadt in Germany proposed five blocks; Jacob Baur of the Danish Polytechnic University and others proposed the second ring theory; Bassama Hussein of the Norwegian University of Science and Technology proposed two systems; Department of Shanghai Jiaotong University proposed three subsystems.
Comprehensive analysis of the above several different components, and starting from the relationship between the whole and the part of the electromechanical system, it is believed that the mechatronics technology should be mutually assisted and mutually promoted on the basis of mutual penetration and mutual integration of various technologies that constitute it. And improve, make full use of the advantages of each related technology, and foster strengths and weaknesses, so that the overall function after the combination is greater than the sum of the functions of the various components. This also conforms to the theory of hierarchical structure in the dialectics of nature. The basic characteristics of the hierarchy determine that there must be a two-way causal chain: the low-level system can cause certain results in the high-level system, and the high-level system as the cause will be in the lower-level system. Cause some results. As a low-level system, mechanical technology can only form a purely mechanical product with limited functions. When combined with microelectronics technology and information technology, it forms a multi-functional mechatronics product with mechatronics technology. As a high-level system, mechatronics technology is not a complete acceptance of its components: mechanical technology, microelectronics technology, information technology, etc., but has certain restrictions and influences on them. Only through restrictions and influences, only those that meet the requirements The ability to enter the high-level system. Mechatronics products are formed on this basis. Based on the above analysis, the model of the electromechanical system can be obtained as shown. The dotted line in the figure is the mechatronic system, and the double dotted line is the hierarchical boundary of the mechatronic system.
Figure 丨 Mechatronics system model and correlation According to the structure of the model, it can be considered as follows: 1 Electromechanical-body system consists of five parts, namely control system, power source, drive system, sensor and actuator. 2 The components of the mechatronic system are hierarchical, and the control system is the control layer that controls the operation of the entire system. The power source, drive system, and sensor are the drive feedback layers. Commands are obtained from the control system and amplified, driving actuator actions, sensing the state of the actuator and feeding it back to the control system. The actuator is the execution layer and performs actions in accordance with the instructions of the drive system. 3 Mechatronics system is an organic whole. There is information and energy interaction between layers and layers. The interaction and transmission of information and energy are realized through corresponding interfaces. 4 Mechatronics system can interact with people and be controlled by people. The interaction between man and electromechanical system is realized by man-machine connection.
It can be seen from this that the electromechanical system is a whole composed of multiple subsystems. Each subsystem communicates through interfaces and exchanges information and energy. The various connections not only play a role in connection, but more importantly, the characteristics and advantages of the subsystems are organically combined to enhance the strengths and avoid weaknesses, so as to realize new functions that cannot be realized by each subsystem, and to achieve system optimization from this point of view, The performance of the system depends to a large extent on the performance of the interface, and the interface performance becomes the decisive factor for the performance of the integrated system. The research object of electromechanical interface technology is the interface in electromechanical system. Therefore, electromechanical interface technology plays an important role in the design of electromechanical system. It needs to be studied deeply. 2 Electromechanical interface technology Electromechanical system is mechanical, electronic and information function. The integration of different technologies, the connection between subsystems is extremely important. On the basis of the full development and maturity of the fields of mechanics, electronics, information, etc., the key to the design of electromechanical systems lies in the design of the interface despite the mechanical and electrical interface. The research of technology is still in the process of exploration, and the concept of electromechanical interface technology is gradually maturing. 2.1 The connotation of electromechanical interface technology The electromechanical interface technology studies the connection between various components (subsystems) and various constituent technologies in electromechanical systems. This technology is researched to more effectively solve the interaction and integration of information energy in the system, and finally realize the optimal design of the electromechanical system.
2.2 Mechatronics System Interface (referred to as electromechanical interface) The function electromechanical interface transfers and transforms information and energy, and integrates the technologies of each component system. The electromechanical interface includes hardware and software. The hardware mainly establishes a connection between subsystems or an electromechanical system and an operator or environment, providing a physical channel for input/output, transmission and conversion of information and energy. The software mainly provides methods and processes for system information interaction, conversion and adjustment, and coordinates and integrates mechatronics to form technologies, so that each subsystem is integrated and integrated into one whole to realize new functions.
2.3 Classification of electromechanical interfaces Electromechanical interfaces are divided into human-machine interface, power interface, intelligent interface and machine-electrical interface. 1 person-machine interface. The interface between the electromechanical system and the operator, through which the operator can monitor the operating state of the system, control its operation process, and make the system work according to the will of the person. The human-machine interface is bidirectional, and the hardware includes input/output devices, mainly including a display screen, a keyboard, a control panel, and the like. 2 power interface. The connection between the electromechanical system and the power source is realized, and the corresponding driving force is provided for the driving unit of the electromechanical system. Depending on the type of power required by the system, such as direct current, alternating current, pneumatics, hydraulics, etc., the form of the power interface is also very different. But the power interface has a common feature that is able to pass larger power.
3 intelligent interface. It can be seen that the intelligent interface mainly exists in three places, from the control system to the drive system, the drive system to the sensor, and the sensor to the control system. The application of intelligent interfaces is relatively complicated, but some commonalities can be derived: intelligent interfaces transfer and transform various information, change the information form according to the requirements of different technologies, so that different subsystems and different technologies can be integrated. Form a complete system. Typically, a smart interface is a functional connection that the software exhibits. 4 machine - electrical interface. Achieve the connection between the actuator and the drive system and sensor. The drive signal is converted to the signal required by the actuator or the mechanical signal of the actuator is converted to the signal required by the sensor.
3 The development direction of electromechanical interface technology The social demand has promoted the development of mechatronics technology. At the beginning of mechatronics technology, it was only a simple combination of mechanical technology and electronic technology. The way they combined - the interface is relatively simple, and with the development of mechatronics technology, mechatronics products have developed into a variety of In a complex system of technology, the corresponding internal interface of the system becomes more and more complicated. Therefore, the development status of mechatronics at home and abroad and the development trend of high and new technology, electromechanical interface technology will develop in the following directions: intelligent with the development and progress of mechatronics, intelligent is mechatronics technology One of the main differences from traditional mechanical automation technology is also the main direction of the development of electromechanical interface technology. The mechanical and electrical connection is no longer a simple transmission of information and energy, but is moving towards the intelligent direction of information collection, processing and energy control.
Standardized electromechanical systems are increasingly using open and modular structures. The system can be flexibly configured and combined in any way. There are further requirements for the electromechanical interface. The interface can ensure the transmission of system information and energy and technology fusion while maintaining consistency.
miniaturization. The micro-mechatronics system is the product of the fusion of mechanical technology and electronic technology on the nanometer scale, and is a new development direction of mechatronics. Therefore, the combination of various parts of the system is required to be more compact, and information transmission and feedback are more rapid and accurate, so the electromechanical interface should also be miniaturized.
Personalization. The future mechatronics will strengthen their similarity with the living organisms, pay more attention to the relationship between products and people (human-machine coordination), and symbiosis with people (human-system integration). Therefore, the electromechanical interface should pay more attention to the physiological and psychological characteristics and limits of human beings, realize the rational distribution of human-machine functions, improve reliability and safety, and integrate human and system organically to form a new generation of electromechanical integration system.