It is a qualitative transcendence that the ruler has the monopoly of market rules.
Under a perfect market economy system, market competition is conducted under certain rules. It is through the control of such competitive rules that super-class companies gain superior positions in competition and obtain excess profits. Compared with the monopoly of previous products, the monopoly of rules is a qualitative transcendence.
In fact, in the market operation, there are many examples. A company owns one or more patented technologies, which can take advantage of the patent protection period, grasp the market initiative, and obtain high profits. A Shandong chemical company has mastered three patented technologies for rubber antioxidants, and its products account for 50% of the domestic market share. Its every move will involve the entire rubber industry, and even affect the export of tires. There is also a chemical and pharmaceutical factory. They produce a drug that has an absolute market advantage in the treatment of pediatric diseases because their packaging is different from that of other products and requires a special syringe. Syringes can only be produced by manufacturers who produce such drugs. Generally, the manufacturers of syringes have no means to intervene and can only avoid the market.
Through these two examples, we can see that mastering patents, controlling industry rules, standards, production, and business licenses can increase industry barriers and gain competitive advantage. Selling patents and standards is in fact using the advantages of formulating rules, creating consumption habits and usage habits, controlling product trends, and controlling the market.
Since the accession to the WTO, the tariff barriers faced by Chinese enterprises have been reduced, but the standard barriers such as standards and patents have become more stringent. Although many chemical products in China have a certain status in terms of output, quality, and technical content in the international market, we still do not have the right to speak in the international market, let alone control the market. The most fundamental reason is that we lack the ability to formulate rules.