Feasibility Analysis of Joint Operation of Ground Source Heat Pump and Surface Heating
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October 02 03:05:50, 2025
**Abstract:** This paper introduces the features of ground source heat pump systems and low-temperature radiant floor heating. A comparative analysis is conducted on the initial investment and operational costs of ground source heat pumps, low-temperature radiant floor systems, and traditional chiller-radiator setups. The combined operation of the radiant floor heating system demonstrates significant advantages in energy efficiency, environmental protection, and cost-effectiveness. However, several challenges remain to be addressed for broader adoption of this integrated heating and cooling approach.
**Keywords:** Ground source heat pump; Low-temperature radiant floor heating; Energy saving; Environmental protection; Economy
**1. Introduction**
A complete heating and air conditioning system typically consists of three main components: the heat (or cold) source, the piping network, and the terminal devices (such as indoor heating or cooling units). Selecting an appropriate combination of these elements has always been a key focus for engineers and researchers in building services and environmental technology. While many previous studies have focused on analyzing either the heat/cold source or the terminal units individually, it's equally important to consider how different combinations of sources and terminals can optimize performance, sustainability, and cost.
**1.1 Overview of Ground Source Heat Pump**
First introduced in a Swiss patent in 1912, the ground source heat pump (GSHP) is an efficient and energy-saving system that utilizes the stable temperature of the earth (either soil or groundwater at near-surface levels) for both heating and cooling. In winter, it extracts heat from the ground to provide heating, while storing cold for summer use. Conversely, in summer, it uses the ground as a cooling source, storing heat for winter. Key characteristics include:
- **Renewable Energy Source**: The Earth absorbs and stores about 47% of solar energy, making it a virtually inexhaustible renewable resource.
- **Low Emissions**: GSHPs emit up to 60% less pollution than air-source heat pumps and 30% less than conventional boiler systems.
- **Cost-Effective**: With a higher coefficient of performance (COP), especially compared to traditional systems, GSHPs reduce energy consumption by up to 40%.
- **Multi-Purpose Use**: It can serve for heating, cooling, and even domestic hot water, making it ideal for various applications like residential, commercial, and institutional buildings.
**1.2 Low-Temperature Radiant Floor Heating**
Low-temperature radiant floor heating involves using the floor surface as a heat emitter, with about 61.25% of the heat transferred via radiation. This system has been used since the 1930s in some countries and became more popular in China after advancements in plastic pipe technology. Modern materials like PEX, PERT, and PPR offer long-lasting, corrosion-resistant solutions, ensuring durability and reliability.
Advantages include high energy efficiency (up to 50% savings over radiators), comfort, hygiene, and ease of control. It also saves space and allows for better utilization of interior areas.
**2. Coupling Analysis of Ground Source Heat Pump and Radiant Floor Heating**
The ground source heat pump can supply low-temperature hot water (around 50°C), which is well-suited for radiant floor heating. This compatibility leads to improved COP and overall system efficiency. As shown in the load curve, the consistent output of the GSHP matches the steady demand of the radiant floor system, making them a perfect match.
**Economic Analysis of Ground Source Heat Pump and Radiant Floor Heating**
Both systems offer substantial economic benefits. According to the data, the initial investment for a GSHP and radiant floor system is slightly higher than traditional systems, but the operating costs are significantly lower. For example, in a 3,000 square meter building, the increased investment can be recovered within five years due to energy savings.
Moreover, the integration of fresh air systems and the ability to maintain good indoor air quality make this combined system even more attractive.
**3. Challenges and Future Considerations**
Despite its benefits, the widespread adoption of this system still faces challenges. One key issue is optimizing the system for multi-functional operation, such as simultaneous heating, cooling, and hot water production. Additionally, the design of buried heat exchangers must account for local soil conditions, which greatly affect system performance. Further research is needed to improve the design and efficiency of these systems.
In conclusion, while the combination of ground source heat pump and low-temperature radiant floor heating offers numerous advantages, continued innovation and optimization are essential for its broader implementation.