The effect of temperature increase on machine tools such as milling machines
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1. The temperature rise causes the temperature of each part to change with time, so that the machine tool loses the existing adjustment accuracy, thereby affecting the size of the workpiece being processed. At the same time, the temperature rise also changes the bearing clearance, which in turn affects the machining accuracy.
2. Temperature rise makes the temperature distribution non-uniform, resulting in changes in the mutual positional relationship between parts or parts of parts, resulting in displacement or distortion of parts.
There are four ways to reduce the hot deformation of the main shaft:
1. Reduce the heat source, focusing on the spindle bearing speed, clearance adjustment and reasonable preload. For thrust bearings and tapered roller bearings, due to their poor working conditions, large heat, if necessary, can be replaced by thrust angular contact ball bearings, in order to minimize the friction and heat of certain parts.
2. Insulation, so that the heat source away from the main shaft, such as the motor, transmission isolation, the use of separate transmission.
3. Heat dissipation, enhanced lubrication and cooling, oil cooling, air cooling and other methods to speed up heat dissipation.
4. To reduce the effect of thermal deformation, no matter what method is used, only thermal deformation can be reduced and it is difficult to completely eliminate thermal deformation. Therefore, measures should be taken to reduce the effect of thermal deformation.
In the case of a plain bearing, the wear resistance of the journal has a great influence on the accuracy maintenance. According to the basic requirements of the above-mentioned working performance, the precision of the spindle component rotation is good, indicating that it has good working accuracy and stiffness under no-load conditions, indicating that the static working accuracy is good. Good vibration resistance and thermal deformation, marking the dynamic characteristics of the spindle. The wear resistance is determined by its ability to determine the accuracy of its work.