Rare earth ferrosilicon alloy products and serialization
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October 28 13:08:47, 2021
Rare earth silicon iron alloy has been widely used in metallurgy and casting. The addition of rare earths significantly improves the mechanical properties, process properties and performance of steel and cast iron. However, due to the purpose, conditions, and level of technical equipment used, the requirements for alloy components and dosage forms are also different. A wide variety of alloy varieties and specifications have brought certain difficulties to the production of rare earth intermediate alloys, but in order to meet market demand, the serialization of alloy products has become a problem that must be considered.
 Production of multi-species ferrosilicon alloy by melt preparation
The melt preparation method is a simple and effective method for preparing a plurality of rare earth intermediate alloys, and is particularly suitable for a complex alloy of multiple elements. At present, rare earth copper- magnesium alloys, rare earth tungsten-magnesium alloys, rare earth zinc- magnesium alloys, rare earth manganese- magnesium alloys used in China are produced by this method for a long time.
The equipment for preparing rare earth alloy by melting method includes medium frequency induction furnace, oil oil furnace and coke pit furnace. The medium frequency induction furnace is better, the temperature rise is uniform and controllable, electromagnetic stirring is applied, the finished product is uniform, and the segregation is small, and it is superior to other furnaces from the perspective of environmental protection and safety protection. It is only a one-time investment, and the use of electricity in tight areas is limited.
The biggest advantage of the melting method is that by batching calculations, it is possible to ensure that all kinds of elements reach the desired level. Correct estimation of the element burning rate is the key to the calculation of ingredients. The physical and chemical properties of each element are different, and the burning rate is also different. Generally speaking, the element with high chemical activity and high vapor pressure has a higher burning rate. For example, in the preparation of low rare earth ferrosilicon magnesium alloy, the alloy of GB4138-84 grade FeSiMg8RE7 contains RE 6.0%～8.0%, Mg 7.0%～9.0%, Si≤44%, and RE7%, Mg10%, Si42% in the batching. .
The shortcoming of this method is that the production scale is not large; the expensive alloy is needed as the raw material; most of the oxide formed by the burnt element remains in the alloy, which affects the use effect. Therefore, when chemically analyzing the product, The total amount of elements, the state of the metal and the amount of oxides are listed separately, especially for elements with high temperature and easy burning loss, such as Mg, Ba, Sr, Ca, RE, etc., so as to facilitate user measurement.
There is an irreplaceable role in the preparation of rare earth alloys from the current melting process. It can supplement the shortcomings of thermal reduction and electrolysis, and prepare small-batch and multi-species multi-element composite alloys. Improving the melting and ingot process, reducing the burning of valuable elements, reducing oxide inclusions, and improving the intrinsic quality of rare earth intermediate alloys are the future research directions of the preparation of rare earth intermediate alloys by melt method.
 Product serialization and standards
China has been researching and producing rare earth master alloys as additives for metallurgy and casting production for more than 30 years. With the widening of application fields, the specifications of alloys required by users are increasing, and the types of alloys recommended by domestic and foreign patent documents and journals are even more impressive. Therefore, how to standardize and serialize product requirements gradually form a series of products with Chinese characteristics, and satisfying the needs of users to the greatest extent is an urgent problem to be solved among alloy producers.
At present, there are two national standards for rare earth intermediate alloys, namely "rare earth ferrosilicon alloy" (GB4173-84) and "rare earth magnesium ferrosilicon alloy" (GB4138-84). The former is divided into 11 grades according to the content of rare earth, silicon and impurities. The latter is divided into 10 grades according to the rare earth and magnesium content, which constitute the backbone of the rare earth spheroidizer series. These two national standards are the current rare earths in China. The basis of the intermediate alloy product line.
According to the requirements of users, the rare earth intermediate alloys used for spheroidizing agents, creeping agents and inoculants are appropriately adjusted according to national standards, forming different products, and some have been included in professional standards, local standards or Corporate standards. For example, a low silicon spheroidizing agent or the like has been produced in consideration of the influence of the density of the spheroidizing agent on the absorption rate of magnesium. In particular the use of heavy rare earth resources in southern China, has produced a strong anti-fading capability of the ball Heavy RE Nodulizer, including heavy magnesium alloy, the heavy rare-magnesium-copper alloy, the heavy rare-aluminum alloy.
There is no uniform standard for rare earth intermediate alloys in the world, and the chemical composition of commonly used rare earth alloys varies greatly. Rare earth ferrosilicon alloy containing about 1/3 of rare earth, silicon and iron is a rare earth alloy additive in foreign countries, and generally only 0.2% to 3% of rare earth elements in spheroidizing agents.
Product serialization is a long-term and meticulous work. Only after practice and superiority can the alloy components be gradually unified to form different series of products, so as to effectively organize production and popularize applications. At present, various enterprise standards, and even the demand side requirements of the supply contract, are the basis for product standardization, serialization and commodification.